The rise in population has led to diverse changes in the environment. The increase in the quantities of waste is one such change, that has been imposing enormous pressure on the environment and social health of the cities. The authorities face challenges to implement a perfect solution to control waste produced in the cities.
Large amount of organic solid waste are being generated in our homes and nearby industrial units, hospitals etc, every day. Inadequate organic solid waste formation in each area results in foul smell and breeds various types of insects and diseases. Industrial wastes are highly toxic and hazardous that cause the physicochemical and biological characteristics of the land and contaminate the ground water. The food waste, vegetable & fruits waste, abattoir waste produced from residence, slaughter house, factories, agricultural, hospitals etc are considered as organic solid waste. These solid wastes can be treated using incineration disposal method that are subject to composting and convert it into residue and gaseous products which can be used for cultivation manner.
The composting plants use Bio Thermic Digester which is a biological process in which micro-organisms, mainly fungi and extremophilic bacteria, convert degradable organic waste like , food waste from hotels/ restaurants, vegetable wastes from markets & packing industries, fruits & vegetable wastes, abattoir waste into humus like substance. This finished product, which looks like soil, is high in carbon and nitrogen and is an excellent medium for growing plants. The BTD & Raptors effectively reduce 95% of the volume by digestion of the organic waste using bacteria.
Most of the government, private sector & residents have developed composting plants in major areas. This enabled better organic solid waste disposal in cities and improved urban environment & quality of lives.
“The process of letting air into the wastewater in order to allow aerobic biodegradation of the organic materials” is aeration. It is usually the first process done in a treatment plant. This process lets air and water to be in close contact which helps in removing the dissolved gases such as carbon dioxide and also oxidizes dissolved metals like iron, hydrogen sulphide, and other volatile organic chemicals (VOCs).
The membrane bioreactor technology helps in performing the critical solid-liquid separation function. The process makes use of membrane filtration equipment such as low-pressure microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) membranes with a biological treatment method. The vacuum (gravity-driven) and pressure-driven systems are the two types used in MBR.
The process of moving bed bioreactor attains good results of disposal with low energy consumption. It is used to remove organic substances, nitrification and denitrification. The MBBR system has an activated sludge aeration system where the sludge is collected in a recycled plastic carrier. The carriers have large internal space for an optimal contact with water, air and bacteria.
The bacteria grow in the surface of the carriers and breaks down the organic matter from the wastewater. The aeration system helps in keeping the bacteria active in the carriers.
The basic process of an SBR is by bubbling oxygen into the wastewater to reduce the biological oxygen demand (BOD) and the chemical oxygen demand (COD). The reduction of BOD and COD makes it suitable to use on land. The SBR process is divided into five periods: Fill, React, Settle, Draw, and Idle. The fill and react periods may differ according to the aeration and mixing procedures. The SBR has several configurations but the basic process remains the same.
This is a cost-effective method that is mainly used in residential and commercial complexes. The SAFF technology has three stages, primary, secondary treatment and final settlement/clarification. The SAFF process reduces the biological oxygen demand (BOD) and also the suspended solids (SS) which is powerful enough to contaminate river and seawater. The process improves the “effluent discharge quality”.
Having mentioned some of the types of sewage treatment methods, it is clear that these treatments are indeed effective and will make the water reusable. It may not be suitable for drinking but can be definitely used for other purposes. Wastewater treatment is no more a luxury but a necessity. It will soon become mandatory as we move forward to live in this world.
Emvees Wastewater Treatment LLC is dedicated in offering quality services to our clients and we thrive to provide water for the needy. We understand the significance of water in the current era and the future and we make use of the best of our ability to treat it.
